Name
|
Components
|
Cranial Exit
|
Functions
|
Region entered
|
Main functions
|
Type
| |
I
|
Olfactory
|
Cribriform plate
(ethmoidal bone)
|
Smell from nasal mucosa
|
nasal cavity
|
smell
|
Some
sensory
| |
II
|
Optic
|
Optic canal
|
Vision from Retina
|
orbit
|
Say
sensory
| ||
III
|
Oculomotor
|
Optic canal
|
Superio, Inferior, Medial rectus mm
Inferior oblique m
Sphincter papillae m./Ciliary m.
|
orbit
|
eyelid & eyeball movement
|
Marry
motor
| |
IV
|
Trochlear
|
Superior oblique m.
|
orbit
|
Eyes ¯
|
Money
motor
| ||
V
|
Trigeminal
|
V1
Ophtalmic
|
Superior orbital fissure
|
skin and mucosa in region at and above orbit
|
orbit
|
-Face and mouth touch and pain
-Chewing
|
But
both
|
V2
Maxillary
|
Foramen rotundum
|
skin and mucosa in region from orbit to mouth
|
pterygopala-tine fossa
| ||||
V3
Mandibular
|
Foramen ovale
|
· “My A$$ Meets The Toilet”
· “Buccaneers Are Inferior Linguists”
(skin and mucosa from region at and below the mouth)
|
Infra-temporal fossa
| ||||
VI
|
Abducent
|
Superior orbital fissure
|
Lateral rectus
|
orbit
|
eyeball movement
|
My
motor
| |
VII
|
Facial
|
stylomastoid foramen
|
“Ten zebras Bough My Car”
(muscles of facial expression:
stapedius/stylohyoid/mylohyoid/posterior digastric) |
temporal bone
|
-Facial expression
-Secretion of tears & saliva
|
Brother
both
| |
petrotympanic fissure
|
taste, anterior 2/3 tongue
| ||||||
petrotympanic fissure
|
parasympathetic: submandibular ganglia (innervates submandibular and sublingual glands)
| ||||||
pterygoid canal
|
parasympathetic to: pterygopalatine ganglia (innervates lacrimal gland, nasal glands, and palatine glands)
| ||||||
VIII
|
Vestibulo-
cohlear
|
Internal acoustic meatus
|
· Semicircular ducts, utricle, saccule
· Spiral organ
|
temporal bone
|
Balance
|
Says
motor
| |
IX
|
Glosso-
pharyngeal
|
Jugular foramen
|
Stylopharynges muscle
ParaSYM to parotid gland
Parotid gland; carotid body/sinus; pharynx; mid.ear
Taste from posterior 1/3 tongue
Cutaneous sens. external ear
|
neck
|
-Senses carotid blood P
-Taste
|
Big
Both
| |
X
|
Vagus
|
Constrictors of pharynx; intrinsic mm oflarynx; striated m in superior 2/3 of esophagus;
ParaSYM to smooth mm trachea; bronchi; digestive; cardiac muscle
Base of tongue; pharynx; larynx; trachea; bronchi; heart; esophagus; stomach; intestine
Taste from epiglottis, palate
auricle, external auditory meatus
| neck
(travels within the carotid sheath, posterior to IJV and CCA)
|
-Senses aortic blood P
-Taste
-Heart beat rate
-GI peristalsis
-Sweating
|
Brains
both
| ||
XI
|
Accessory
|
Cranial root
|
Muscles of soft palate; pharynx; larynx
|
neck
|
Swallow-ing
Shoulder elevation
|
Matter
Motor
| |
Spinal root
|
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
| ||||||
XII
|
Hypoglossal
|
Hypoglossal canal
|
Muscles of tongue
(except palatoglossus)
|
neck
(C1 travels with it)
|
Tongue
|
Most
motor
|
m-muscle; mm-muscles;
IJV- external jugular vein; CCA - common carotid artery
Motor Components of Cranial Nerves
Somatic Motor
|
Orbit and tongue muscles (muscles that are not derived from pharyngeal arches)
| ||
Branchial Motor
|
Muscles of face, larynx, pharynx muscles (muscles that are derived from pharyngeal arches)
| ||
Visceral Motor
|
Smooth muscles, glands
|
Sensory Components of Cranial Nerves
General Sensory
|
General sensation such as touch, pain
Usually CONSCIOUS sensations
| ||
Visceral Sensory
|
Sensation from glands, organs
Usually UNCONSIOUS sensations
| ||
Special Sensory
|
Vision, smell, olfaction, hearing, balance
|
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