Matlab üzerinden proteus atmega328 uygulaması

Bu yazımda Arduino üzerinde bulunan Atmega328 serisi mikrodenetleyiciyi proteus ve matlab üzerinden haberleştirilmesi üzerinde duracağım.Proteusta mikroişlemci simülasyonun yapılabilmesi için hex kodunun üretilmesi gerekir.Arduin0017 versiyonlu yazılım ile hex kodunun üretilmesi aşağıdaki şekildedir:

Arduino için aşağıdaki kodu kopyalayıp arduino017 nolu versiyon programın açıp yapıştırıyoruz.

/* Analog and Digital Input and Output Server for MATLAB    */
/* Giampiero Campa, Copyright 2009 The MathWorks, Inc       */
/* This file is meant to be used with the MATLAB arduino IO
package, however, it can be used from the IDE environment
(or any other serial terminal) by typing commands like:
0e0 : assigns digital pin #4 (e) as input
0f1 : assigns digital pin #5 (f) as output
0n1 : assigns digital pin #13 (n) as output
1c  : reads digital pin #2 (c)
1e  : reads digital pin #4 (e)
2n0 : sets digital pin #13 (n) low
2n1 : sets digital pin #13 (n) high
2f1 : sets digital pin #5 (f) high
2f0 : sets digital pin #5 (f) low
4j2 : sets digital pin #9 (j.html">j) to  50=ascii(2) over 255
4jz : sets digital pin #9 (j.html">j) to 122=ascii(z) over 255
3a  : reads analog pin #0 (a)
3f  : reads analog pin #5 (f)
R0  : sets analog reference to DEFAULT
R1  : sets analog reference to INTERNAL
R2  : sets analog reference to EXTERNAL
99  : returns script type (1 basic, 2 motor, 3 general)   */
/* define internal for the MEGA as 1.1V (as as for the 328)  */
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega2560__)
#define INTERNAL INTERNAL1V1
#endif
void setup() {
/* Make sure all pins are put in high impedence state and
that their registers are set as low before doing anything.
This puts the board in a known (and harmless) state     */
int i.html">i;
for (i.html">i=0;i<20;i++) {
pinMode(i.html">i,INPUT);
digitalWrite(i.html">i,0);
}
/* initialize serial                                       */
Serial.begin(115200);
}
void loop() {
/* variables declaration and initialization                */
static int  s   = -1;    /* state                          */
static int  pin = 13;    /* generic pin number             */
int  val =  0;           /* generic value read from serial */
int  agv =  0;           /* generic analog value           */
int  dgv =  0;           /* generic digital value          */
/* The following instruction constantly checks if anything
is available on the serial port. Nothing gets executed in
the loop if nothing is available to be read, but as soon
as anything becomes available, then the part coded after
the if statement (that is the real stuff) gets executed */
if (Serial.available() >0) {
/* whatever is available from the serial is read here    */
val = Serial.read();
/* This part basically implements a state machine that
reads the serial port and makes just one transition
to a new state, depending on both the previous state
and the command that is read from the serial port.
Some commands need additional inputs from the serial
port, so they need 2 or 3 state transitions (each one
happening as soon as anything new is available from
the serial port) to be fully executed. After a command
is fully executed the state returns to its initial
value s=-1                                            */
switch (s) {
/* s=-1 means NOTHING RECEIVED YET ******************* */
case -1:
/* calculate next state                                */
if (val>47 && val<90) {
/* the first received value indicates the mode
49 is ascii for 1, ... 90 is ascii for Z
s=0 is change-pin mode
s=10 is DI;  s=20 is DO;  s=30 is AI;  s=40 is AO;
s=90 is query script type (1 basic, 2 motor)
s=340 is change analog reference
*/
s=10*(val-48);
}
/* the following statements are needed to handle
unexpected first values coming from the serial (if
the value is unrecognized then it defaults to s=-1) */
if ((s>40 && s<90) || (s>90 && s!=340)) {
s=-1;
}
/* the break statements gets out of the switch-case, so
/* we go back to line 97 and wait for new serial data  */
break; /* s=-1 (initial state) taken care of           */
/* s=0 or 1 means CHANGE PIN MODE                      */
case 0:
/* the second received value indicates the pin
from abs('c')=99, pin 2, to abs('t')=116, pin 19    */
if (val>98 && val<117) {
pin=val-97;                /* calculate pin          */
s=1; /* next we will need to get 0 or 1 from serial  */
}
else {
s=-1; /* if value is not a pin then return to -1     */
}
break; /* s=0 taken care of                            */
case 1:
/* the third received value indicates the value 0 or 1 */
if (val>47 && val<50) {
/* set pin mode                                      */
if (val==48) {
pinMode(pin,INPUT);
}
else {
pinMode(pin,OUTPUT);
}
}
s=-1;  /* we are done with CHANGE PIN so go to -1      */
break; /* s=1 taken care of                            */
/* s=10 means DIGITAL INPUT ************************** */
case 10:
/* the second received value indicates the pin
from abs('c')=99, pin 2, to abs('t')=116, pin 19    */
if (val>98 && val<117) {
pin=val-97;                /* calculate pin          */
dgv=digitalRead(pin);      /* perform Digital Input  */
Serial.println(dgv);       /* send value via serial  */
}
s=-1;  /* we are done with DI so next state is -1      */
break; /* s=10 taken care of                           */
/* s=20 or 21 means DIGITAL OUTPUT ******************* */
case 20:
/* the second received value indicates the pin
from abs('c')=99, pin 2, to abs('t')=116, pin 19    */
if (val>98 && val<117) {
pin=val-97;                /* calculate pin          */
s=21; /* next we will need to get 0 or 1 from serial */
}
else {
s=-1; /* if value is not a pin then return to -1     */
}
break; /* s=20 taken care of                           */
case 21:
/* the third received value indicates the value 0 or 1 */
if (val>47 && val<50) {
dgv=val-48;                /* calculate value        */
digitalWrite(pin,dgv);     /* perform Digital Output */
}
s=-1;  /* we are done with DO so next state is -1      */
break; /* s=21 taken care of                           */
/* s=30 means ANALOG INPUT *************************** */
case 30:
/* the second received value indicates the pin
from abs('a')=97, pin 0, to abs('f')=102, pin 6,
note that these are the digital pins from 14 to 19
located in the lower right part of the board        */
if (val>96 && val<103) {
pin=val-97;                /* calculate pin          */
agv=analogRead(pin);       /* perform Analog Input   */
Serial.println(agv);       /* send value via serial  */
}
s=-1;  /* we are done with AI so next state is -1      */
break; /* s=30 taken care of                           */
/* s=40 or 41 means ANALOG OUTPUT ******************** */
case 40:
/* the second received value indicates the pin
from abs('c')=99, pin 2, to abs('t')=116, pin 19    */
if (val>98 && val<117) {
pin=val-97;                /* calculate pin          */
s=41; /* next we will need to get value from serial  */
}
else {
s=-1; /* if value is not a pin then return to -1     */
}
break; /* s=40 taken care of                           */
case 41:
/* the third received value indicates the analog value */
analogWrite(pin,val);        /* perform Analog Output  */
s=-1;  /* we are done with AO so next state is -1      */
break; /* s=41 taken care of                           */
/* s=90 means Query Script Type (1 basic, 2 motor)     */
case 90:
if (val==57) {
/* if string sent is 99  send script type via serial */
Serial.println(1);
}
s=-1;  /* we are done with this so next state is -1    */
break; /* s=90 taken care of                           */
/* s=340 or 341 means ANALOG REFERENCE *************** */
case 340:
/* the second received value indicates the reference,
which is encoded as is 0,1,2 for DEFAULT, INTERNAL
and EXTERNAL, respectively                          */
switch (val) {
case 48:
analogReference(DEFAULT);
break;
case 49:
analogReference(INTERNAL);
break;
case 50:
analogReference(EXTERNAL);
break;
default:                 /* unrecognized, no action  */
break;
}
s=-1;  /* we are done with this so next state is -1    */
break; /* s=341 taken care of                          */
/* ******* UNRECOGNIZED STATE, go back to s=-1 ******* */
default:
/* we should never get here but if we do it means we
are in an unexpected state so whatever is the second
received value we get out of here and back to s=-1  */
s=-1;  /* go back to the initial state, break unneeded */
} /* end switch on state s                               */
} /* end if serial available                               */
} /* end loop statement                                      */

Daha sonra yükleyeceğimiz arduinoyu seçiyoruz.Bu şekilde üzerinde mikrodenetleyiciyi seçmiş oluyoruz bir başka deyişle.



Hex kodun üretilmesi için son aşama olarak File–>Upload To I/O Board sekmesini tıklayarak hex kodunu oluşturmuş bulunuyoruz.



Kodu kaydettiğimiz dosyanın içerinde applet dosyası oluşmaktadır.Oluşturulan applet dosyasının içinde hex kodu yer almaktadır.

Proteusta devreyi aşağıdaki şekilde kurup aşağıda belirtilen ayarları yapıyoruz:




COMPIM ayarları aşağıdaki şekildedir:



COMPIM Matlab ile haberleşmeyi sağlamaktadır.Bunun için iki COM portu birbirine bağlanması gerekmektedir.

KernelPro:Advanced Virtual COM Port programı kullanılmıştır.Add butonuna basarak iki COM Portu seçiyoruz.Seçilen portlardan birisi proteusta kullanılan COMPIM deki portu diğeri ise matlab kullanacağımız COM Portunu temsil etmektedir.









Aşağıdaki matlab kodunu arduino.m  şeklinde kaydediniz.Ve kodu çalıştırınız.






classdef arduino < handle
% This class defines an "arduino" object
% Giampiero Campa, Aug 2010, Copyright 2009 The MathWorks, Inc.
properties (SetAccess=private,GetAccess=private)
aser   % Serial Connection
pins   % Pin Status Vector
srvs   % Servo Status Vector
mspd   % Motor Speed Status
sspd   % Servo Speed Status
mots   % Motor Server Running on the Arduino Board
end
properties (Hidden=true)
chks = false;  % Checks serial connection before every operation
chkp = true;   % Checks parameters before every operation
end
methods
% constructor, connects to the board and creates an arduino object
function a=arduino(comPort)
% check nargin
if nargin<1,
comPort='DEMO';
disp('Note: a DEMO connection will be created');
disp('Use a the com port, e.g. ''COM5'' as input argument to connect to the real board');
end
% check port
if ~ischar(comPort),
error('The input argument must be a string, e.g. ''COM8'' ');
end
% check if we are already connected
if isa(a.aser,'serial') && isvalid(a.aser) && strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Status'),'open'),
disp(['It looks like Arduino is already connected to port ' comPort ]);
disp('Delete the object to force disconnection');
disp('before attempting a connection to a different port.');
return;
end
% check whether serial port is currently used by MATLAB
if ~isempty(instrfind({'Port'},{comPort})),
disp(['The port ' comPort ' is already used by MATLAB']);
disp(['If you are sure that Arduino is connected to ' comPort]);
disp('then delete the object, execute:');
disp(['  delete(instrfind({''Port''},{''' comPort '''}))']);
disp('to delete the port, disconnect the cable, reconnect it,');
disp('and then create a new arduino object');
error(['Port ' comPort ' already used by MATLAB']);
end
% define serial object
% a.aser=serial(comPort,'BaudRate',115200);
a.aser=serial(comPort,'BaudRate',57600);
% connection
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode
fprintf(1,'Demo mode connection .');
for i.html">i=1:5,
fprintf(1,'.');
pause(1);
end
fprintf(1,'\n');
pause(1);
% chk is equal to 3, (general server running)
chk=3;
else
% actual connection
% open port
try
fopen(a.aser);
catch ME,
disp(ME.message)
delete(a);
error(['Could not open port: ' comPort]);
end
% it takes several seconds before any operation could be attempted
fprintf(1,'Attempting connection .');
for i.html">i=1:7,
fprintf(1,'.');
pause(1);
end
fprintf(1,'\n');
% query script type
fwrite(a.aser,[57 57],'uchar');
chk=fscanf(a.aser,'%d');
% exit if there was no answer
if isempty(chk)
delete(a);
error('Connection unsuccessful, please make sure that the Arduino is powered on, running either srv.pde, adiosrv.pde or mororsrv.pde, and that the board is connected to the indicated serial port. You might also try to unplug and re-plug the USB cable before attempting a reconnection.');
end
end
% check returned value
if chk==1,
disp('Basic I/O Script detected !');
elseif chk==2,
disp('Motor Shield Script detected !');
elseif chk==3,
disp('General Script detected !');
else
delete(a);
error('Unknown Script. Please make sure that either adiosrv.pde or motorsrv.pde are running on the Arduino');
end
% sets a.mots flag
a.mots=chk-1;
% set a.aser tag
a.aser.Tag='ok';
% initialize pin vector (-1 is unassigned, 0 is input, 1 is output)
a.pins=-1*ones(1,19);
% initialize servo vector (-1 is unknown, 0 is detached, 1 is attached)
a.srvs=0*ones(1,2);
% initialize motor vector (0 to 255 is the speed)
a.mspd=0*ones(1,4);
% initialize stepper vector (0 to 255 is the speed)
a.sspd=0*ones(1,2);
% notify successful installation
disp('Arduino successfully connected !');
end % arduino
% distructor, deletes the object
function delete(a)
% if it is a serial, valid and open then close it
if isa(a.aser,'serial') && isvalid(a.aser) && strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Status'),'open'),
if ~isempty(a.aser.Tag),
try
% trying to leave it in a known unharmful state
for i.html">i=2:19,
a.pinMode(i.html">i,'output');
a.digitalWrite(i.html">i,0);
a.pinMode(i.html">i,'input');
end
catch ME
% disp but proceed anyway
disp(ME.message);
disp('Proceeding to deletion anyway');
end
end
fclose(a.aser);
end
% if it's an object delete it
if isobject(a.aser),
delete(a.aser);
end
end % delete
% disp, displays the object
function disp(a) % display
if isvalid(a),
if isa(a.aser,'serial') && isvalid(a.aser),
disp(['<a href="matlab:help arduino">arduino</a> object connected to ' a.aser.port ' port']);
if a.mots==2,
disp('General Shield Server running on the arduino board');
disp(' ');
a.servoStatus
a.motorSpeed
a.stepperSpeed
disp(' ');
disp('Servo Methods: <a href="matlab:help servoStatus">servoStatus</a> <a href="matlab:help servoAttach">servoAttach</a> <a href="matlab:help servoDetach">servoDetach</a> <a href="matlab:help servoRead">servoRead</a> <a href="matlab:help servoWrite">servoWrite</a>');
disp('DC Motors and Stepper Methods: <a href="matlab:help motorSpeed">motorSpeed</a> <a href="matlab:help motorRun">motorRun</a> <a href="matlab:help stepperSpeed">stepperSpeed</a> <a href="matlab:help stepperStep">stepperStep</a>');
disp(' ');
a.pinMode
disp(' ');
disp('Pin IO Methods: <a href="matlab:help pinMode">pinMode</a> <a href="matlab:help digitalRead">digitalRead</a> <a href="matlab:help digitalWrite">digitalWrite</a> <a href="matlab:help analogRead">analogRead</a> <a href="matlab:help analogWrite">analogWrite</a>');
elseif a.mots==1,
disp('Motor Shield Server running on the arduino board');
disp(' ');
a.servoStatus
a.motorSpeed
a.stepperSpeed
disp(' ');
disp('Servo Methods: <a href="matlab:help servoStatus">servoStatus</a> <a href="matlab:help servoAttach">servoAttach</a> <a href="matlab:help servoDetach">servoDetach</a> <a href="matlab:help servoRead">servoRead</a> <a href="matlab:help servoWrite">servoWrite</a>');
disp('DC Motors and Stepper Methods: <a href="matlab:help motorSpeed">motorSpeed</a> <a href="matlab:help motorRun">motorRun</a> <a href="matlab:help stepperSpeed">stepperSpeed</a> <a href="matlab:help stepperStep">stepperStep</a>');
else
disp('IO Server running on the arduino board');
disp(' ');
a.pinMode
disp(' ');
disp('Pin IO Methods: <a href="matlab:help pinMode">pinMode</a> <a href="matlab:help digitalRead">digitalRead</a> <a href="matlab:help digitalWrite">digitalWrite</a> <a href="matlab:help analogRead">analogRead</a> <a href="matlab:help analogWrite">analogWrite</a>');
end
disp(' ');
else
disp('<a href="matlab:help arduino">arduino</a> object connected to an invalid serial port');
disp('Please delete the arduino object');
disp(' ');
end
else
disp('Invalid <a href="matlab:help arduino">arduino</a> object');
disp('Please clear the object and instantiate another one');
disp(' ');
end
end
% pin mode, changes pin mode
function pinMode(a,pin,str)
% a.pinMode(pin,str); specifies the pin mode of a digital pins.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The first argument, pin, is the number of the digital pin (2 to 19).
% The second argument, str, is a string that can be 'input' or 'output',
% Called with one argument, as a.pin(pin) it returns the mode of
% the digital pin, called without arguments, prints the mode of all the
% digital pins. Note that the digital pins from 0 to 13 are located on
% the upper right part of the board, while the digital pins from 14 to 19
% are better known as "analog input" pins and are located in the lower
% right corner of the board.
%
% Examples:
% a.pinMode(11,'output') % sets digital pin #11 as output
% a.pinMode(10,'input')  % sets digital pin #10 as input
% val=a.pinMode(10);     % returns the status of digital pin #10
% a.pinMode(5);          % prints the status of digital pin #5
% a.pinMode;             % prints the status of all pins
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin>3,
error('This function cannot have more than 3 arguments, object, pin and str');
end
% if pin argument is there check it
if nargin>1,
errstr=arduino.checknum(pin,'pin number',2:19);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% if str argument is there check it
if nargin>2,
errstr=arduino.checkstr(str,'pin mode',{'input','output'});
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
end
% perform the requested action
if nargin==3,
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% CHANGE PIN MODE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% assign value
if lower(str(1))=='o', val=1; else val=0; end
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode here
% minimum digital output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% do the actual action here
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, pin and value
fwrite(a.aser,[48 97+pin 48+val],'uchar');
end
% detach servo 1 or 2 if pins 10 or 9 are used
if pin==10 || pin==9, a.servoDetach(11-pin); end
% store 0 for input and 1 for output
a.pins(pin)=val;
elseif nargin==2,
% print pin mode for the requested pin
mode={'UNASSIGNED','set as INPUT','set as OUTPUT'};
disp(['Digital Pin ' num2str(pin) ' is currently ' mode{2+a.pins(pin)}]);
else
% print pin mode for each pin
mode={'UNASSIGNED','set as INPUT','set as OUTPUT'};
for i.html">i=2:19;
disp(['Digital Pin ' num2str(i.html">i,'%02d') ' is currently ' mode{2+a.pins(i.html">i)}]);
end
end
end % pinmode
% digital read
function val=digitalRead(a,pin)
% val=a.digitalRead(pin); performs digital input on a given arduino pin.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The argument pin, is the number of the digital pin (2 to 19)
% where the digital input needs to be performed. Note that the digital pins
% from 0 to 13 are located on the upper right part of the board, while the
% digital pins from 14 to 19 are better known as "analog input" pins and
% are located in the lower right corner of the board.
%
% Example:
% val=a.digitalRead(4); % reads pin #4
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=2,
error('Function must have the "pin" argument');
end
% check pin
errstr=arduino.checknum(pin,'pin number',2:19);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PERFORM DIGITAL INPUT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode
% minimum digital input delay
pause(0.0074);
% output 0 or 1 randomly
val=round(rand);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode and pin
fwrite(a.aser,[49 97+pin],'uchar');
% get value
val=fscanf(a.aser,'%d');
end
end % digitalread
% digital write
function digitalWrite(a,pin,val)
% a.digitalWrite(pin,val); performs digital output on a given pin.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, pin, is the number of the digital pin (2 to 19)
% where the digital output needs to be performed.
% The third argument, val, is the value (either 0 or 1) for the output
% Note that the digital pins from 0 to 13 are located on the upper right part
% of the board, while the digital pins from 14 to 19 are better known as
% "analog input" pins and are located in the lower right corner of the board.
%
% Examples:
% a.digitalWrite(13,1); % sets pin #13 high
% a.digitalWrite(13,0); % sets pin #13 low
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=3,
error('Function must have the "pin" and "val" arguments');
end
% check pin
errstr=arduino.checknum(pin,'pin number',2:19);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% check val
errstr=arduino.checknum(val,'value',0:1);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% get object name
if isempty(inputname(1)), name='object'; else name=inputname(1); end
% pin should be configured as output
if a.pins(pin)~=1,
warning('MATLAB:Arduino:digitalWrite',['If digital pin ' num2str(pin) ' is set as input, digital output takes place only after using ' name' '.pinMode(' num2str(pin) ',''output''); ']);
end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PERFORM DIGITAL OUTPUT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode
% minimum digital output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, pin and value
fwrite(a.aser,[50 97+pin 48+val],'uchar');
end
end % digitalwrite
% analog read
function val=analogRead(a,pin)
% val=a.analogRead(pin); Performs analog input on a given arduino pin.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, pin, is the number of the analog input pin (0 to 5)
% where the analog input needs to be performed. The returned value, val,
% ranges from 0 to 1023, with 0 corresponding to an input voltage of 0 volts,
% and 1023 to a reference value that is typically 5 volts (this voltage can
% be set up by the analogReference function). Therefore, assuming a range
% from 0 to 5 V the resolution is .0049 volts (4.9 mV) per unit.
% Note that the analog input pins 0 to 5 are also known as digital pins
% from 14 to 19, and are located on the lower right corner of the board.
% Specifically, analog input pin 0 corresponds to digital pin 14, and analog
% input pin 5 corresponds to digital pin 19. Performing analog input does
% not affect the digital state (high, low, digital input) of the pin.
%
% Example:
% val=a.analogRead(0); % reads analog input pin # 0
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=2,
error('Function must have the "pin" argument');
end
% check pin
errstr=arduino.checknum(pin,'analog input pin number',0:5);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PERFORM ANALOG INPUT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog input delay
pause(0.0074);
% output a random value between 0 and 1023
val=round(1023*rand);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode and pin
fwrite(a.aser,[51 97+pin],'uchar');
% get value
val=fscanf(a.aser,'%d');
end
end % analogread
% function analog write
function analogWrite(a,pin,val)
% a.analogWrite(pin,val); Performs analog output on a given arduino pin.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The first argument, pin, is the number of the DIGITAL pin where the analog
% (PWM) output needs to be performed. Allowed pins for AO are 3,5,6,9,10,11
% The second argument, val, is the value from 0 to 255 for the level of
% analog output. Note that the digital pins from 0 to 13 are located on the
% upper right part of the board.
%
% Examples:
% a.analogWrite(11,90); % sets pin #11 to 90/255
% a.analogWrite(3,10); % sets pin #3 to 10/255
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=3,
error('Function must have the "pin" and "val" arguments');
end
% check pin
errstr=arduino.checknum(pin,'pwm pin number',[3 5 6 9 10 11]);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% check val
errstr=arduino.checknum(val,'analog output level',0:255);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% get object name
if isempty(inputname(1)), name='object'; else name=inputname(1); end
% pin should be configured as output
if a.pins(pin)~=1,
warning('MATLAB:Arduino:analogWrite',['If digital pin ' num2str(pin) ' is set as input, pwm output takes place only after using ' name '.pinMode(' num2str(pin) ',''output''); ']);
end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PERFORM ANALOG OUTPUT %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, pin and value
fwrite(a.aser,[52 97+pin val],'uchar');
end
end % analogwrite
% servo attach
function servoAttach(a,num)
% a.servoAttach(num); attaches a servo to the corresponding pwm pin.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the servo, which can be either 1
% (top servo, uses digital pin 10 for pwm), or 2 (bottom servo, uses digital
% pin 9 for pwm).
%
% Example:
% a.servoAttach(1); % attach servo #1
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=2,
error('Function must have the "num" argument');
end
% check servo number
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'servo number',[1 2]);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ATTACH SERVO %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum digital output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value (1 for attach)
fwrite(a.aser,[54 96+num 48+1],'uchar');
end
% store the servo statur
a.srvs(num)=1;
% update pin status to unassigned
a.pins(11-num)=-1;
end % servoattach
% servo detach
function servoDetach(a,num)
% a.servoDetach(num); detaches a servo from its corresponding pwm pin.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the servo, which can be either 1
% (top servo, uses digital pin 10 for pwm), or 2 (bottom servo, uses digital
% pin 9 for pwm).
%
% Examples:
% a.servoDetach(1); % detach servo #1
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=2,
error('Function must have the "num" argument');
end
% check servo number
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'servo number',[1 2]);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% DETACH SERVO %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum digital output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value (0 for detach)
fwrite(a.aser,[54 96+num 48+0],'uchar');
end
a.srvs(num)=0;
end % servodetach
% servo status
function val=servoStatus(a,num)
% a.servoStatus(num); Reads the status of a servo (attached/detached)
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the servo, which can be either 1
% (top servo, uses digital pin 10 for pwm), or 2 (bottom servo,
% uses digital pin 9 for pwm).
% The returned value is either 1 (servo attached) or 0 (servo detached),
% Called without output arguments, the function prints a string specifying
% the status of the servo. Called without input arguments, the function
% either returns the status vector or prints the status of each servo.
%
% Examples:
% val=a.servoStatus(1); % return the status of servo #1
% a.servoStatus(1); % prints the status of servo #1
% a.servoStatus; % prints the status of both servos
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check nargin if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
if nargin>2,
error('Function cannot have more than one argument (servo number) beyond the object name');
end
end
% with no arguments calls itself recursively for both servos
if nargin==1,
if nargout>0,
val(1)=a.servoStatus(1);
val(2)=a.servoStatus(2);
return
else
a.servoStatus(1);
a.servoStatus(2);
return
end
end
% check servo number if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'servo number',[1 2]);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ASK SERVO STATUS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum digital input delay
pause(0.0074);
% gets value from the servo state vector
val=a.srvs(num);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode and num
fwrite(a.aser,[53 96+num],'uchar');
% get value
val=fscanf(a.aser,'%d');
end
% updates the servo state vector
a.srvs(num)=val;
if nargout==0,
str={'DETACHED','ATTACHED'};
disp(['Servo ' num2str(num) ' is ' str{1+val}]);
clear val
return
end
end % servostatus
% servo read
function val=servoRead(a,num)
% val=a.servoRead(num); reads the angle of a given servo.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the servo, which can be either
% 1 (top servo, uses digital pin 10 for pwm), or 2 (bottom servo, uses
% digital pin 9 for pwm). The returned value is the angle in degrees,
% typically from 0 to 180. Returns Random results if motor shield is not
% connected.
%
% Example:
% val=a.servoRead(1); % reads angle from servo #1
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=2,
error('Function must have the servo number argument');
end
% check servo number
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'servo number',[1 2]);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% check status
if a.srvs(num)~=1,
error(['Servo ' num2str(num) ' is not attached, please use a.servoAttach(' num2str(num) ') to attach it']);
end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% READ SERVO ANGLE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog input delay
pause(0.0074);
% output a random value between 0 and 180
val=round(180*rand);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode and num
fwrite(a.aser,[55 96+num],'uchar');
% get value
val=fscanf(a.aser,'%d');
end
end % servoread
% servo write
function servoWrite(a,num,val)
% a.servoWrite(num,val); writes an angle on a given servo.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the servo, which can be
% either 1 (top servo, uses digital pin 10 for pwm), or 2 (bottom servo,
% uses digital pin 9 for pwm). The third argument is the angle in degrees,
% typically from 0 to 180. Returns Random results if motor shield is not
% connected.
%
% Example:
% a.servoWrite(1,45); % rotates servo #1 of 45 degrees
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=3,
error('Function must have the servo number and angle arguments');
end
% check servo number
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'servo number',[1 2]);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% check angle value
errstr=arduino.checknum(val,'angle',0:180);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% check status
if a.srvs(num)~=1,
error(['Servo ' num2str(num) ' is not attached, please use a.servoAttach(' num2str(num) ') to attach it']);
end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% WRITE ANGLE TO SERVO %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value
fwrite(a.aser,[56 96+num val],'uchar');
end
end % servowrite
% motor speed
function val=motorSpeed(a,num,val)
% val=a.motorSpeed(num,val); sets the speed of a DC motor.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the motor, which can go
% from 1 to 4 (the motor ports are numbered on the motor shield).
% The third argument is the speed from 0 (stopped) to 255 (maximum), note
% that depending on the motor speeds of at least 60 might be necessary
% to actually run it. Called with one argument, as a.motorSpeed(num),
% it returns the speed at which the given motor is set to run. If there
% is no output argument it prints the speed of the motor.
% Called without arguments, itprints the speed of each motor.
% Note that you must use the command a.motorRun to actually run
% the motor at the given speed, either forward or backwards.
% Returns Random results if motor shield is not connected.
%
% Examples:
% a.motorSpeed(4,200)      % sets speed of motor 4 as 200/255
% val=a.motorSpeed(1);     % returns the speed of motor 1
% a.motorSpeed(3);         % prints the speed of motor 3
% a.motorSpeed;            % prints the speed of all motors
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin>3,
error('This function cannot have more than 3 arguments, arduino object, motor number and speed');
end
% if motor number is there check it
if nargin>1,
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'motor number',1:4);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% if speed argument is there check it
if nargin>2,
errstr=arduino.checknum(val,'speed',0:255);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
end
% perform the requested action
if nargin==3,
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% SET MOTOR SPEED %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value
fwrite(a.aser,[65 48+num val],'uchar');
end
% store speed value in case it needs to be retrieved
a.mspd(num)=val;
% clear val if is not needed as output
if nargout==0,
clear val;
end
elseif nargin==2,
if nargout==0,
% print speed value
disp(['The speed of motor number ' num2str(num) ' is set to: ' num2str(a.mspd(num)) ' over 255']);
else
% return speed value
val=a.mspd(num);
end
else
if nargout==0,
% print speed value for each motor
for num=1:4,
disp(['The speed of motor number ' num2str(num) ' is set to: ' num2str(a.mspd(num)) ' over 255']);
end
else
% return speed values
val=a.mspd;
end
end
end % motorspeed
% motor run
function motorRun(a,num,dir)
% a.motorRun(num,dir); runs a given DC motor.
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the motor, which can go
% from 1 to 4 (the motor ports are numbered on the motor shield).
% The third argument, dir, should be a string that can be 'forward'
% (runs the motor forward) 'backward' (runs the motor backward)
% or 'release', (stops the motor). Note that since version 3.0,
% a +1 is interpreted as 'forward', a 0 is interpreted
% as 'release', and a -1 is interpreted as 'backward'.
% Returns Random results if motor shield is not connected.
%
% Examples:
% a.motorRun(1,'forward');      % runs motor 1 forward
% a.motorRun(3,'backward');     % runs motor 3 backward
% a.motorRun(2,-1);             % runs motor 2 backward
% a.motorRun(1,'release');      % releases motor 1
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=3,
error('Function must have 3 arguments, object, motor number and direction');
end
% check motor number
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'motor number',1:4);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% allows for direction to be set by 1,0,-1
if isnumeric(dir) && isscalar(dir),
switch dir
case 1,
dir='forward';
case 0,
dir='release';
case -1,
dir='backward';
end
end
% check direction if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
errstr=arduino.checkstr(dir,'direction',{'forward','backward','release'});
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% RUN THE MOTOR %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots ==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value
fwrite(a.aser,[66 48+num abs(dir(1))],'uchar');
end
end % motorrun
% stepper speed
function val=stepperSpeed(a,num,val)
% val=a.stepperSpeed(num,val); sets the speed of a given stepper motor
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the stepper motor,
% which can go from 1 to 4 (the motor ports are numbered on the motor shield).
% The third argument is the RPM speed from 1 (minimum) to 255 (maximum).
% Called with one argument, as a.stepperSpeed(num), it returns the
% speed at which the given motor is set to run. If there is no output
% argument it prints the speed of the stepper motor.
% Called without arguments, itprints the speed of each stepper motor.
% Note that you must use the command a.stepperStep to actually run
% the motor at the given speed, either forward or backwards (or release
% it). Returns Random results if motor shield is not connected.
%
% Examples:
% a.stepperSpeed(2,50)      % sets speed of stepper 2 as 50 rpm
% val=a.stepperSpeed(1);     % returns the speed of stepper 1
% a.stepperSpeed(2);         % prints the speed of stepper 2
% a.stepperSpeed;            % prints the speed of both steppers
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin>3,
error('This function cannot have more than 3 arguments, object, stepper number and speed');
end
% if stepper number is there check it
if nargin>1,
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'stepper number',1:2);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% if speed argument is there check it
if nargin>2,
errstr=arduino.checknum(val,'speed',0:255);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
end
% perform the requested action
if nargin==3,
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% SET STEPPER SPEED %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value
fwrite(a.aser,[67 48+num val],'uchar');
end
% store speed value in case it needs to be retrieved
a.sspd(num)=val;
% clear val if is not needed as output
if nargout==0,
clear val;
end
elseif nargin==2,
if nargout==0,
% print speed value
disp(['The speed of stepper number ' num2str(num) ' is set to: ' num2str(a.sspd(num)) ' over 255']);
else
% return speed value
val=a.sspd(num);
end
else
if nargout==0,
% print speed value for each stepper
for num=1:2,
disp(['The speed of stepper number ' num2str(num) ' is set to: ' num2str(a.sspd(num)) ' over 255']);
end
else
% return speed values
val=a.sspd;
end
end
end % stepperspeed
% stepper step
function stepperStep(a,num,dir,sty,steps)
% a.stepperStep(num,dir,sty,steps); rotates a given stepper motor
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, num, is the number of the stepper motor, which is
% either 1 or 2. The third argument, the direction, is a string that can
% be 'forward' (runs the motor forward) 'backward' (runs the motor backward)
% or 'release', (stops and releases the motor). Note that since version 3.0,
% a +1 is interpreted as 'forward', a 0 is interpreted as 'release',
% and a -1 is interpreted as 'backward'. Unless the direction is 'release',
% then two more argument are needed: the fourth one is the style,
% which is a string specifying the style of the motion, and can be 'single'
% (only one coil activated at a time), 'double' (2 coils activated, gives
% an higher torque and power consumption) 'interleave', (alternates between
% single and double to get twice the resolution and half the speed), and
% 'microstep' (the coils are driven in PWM for a smoother motion).
% The final argument is the number of steps that the motor has
% to complete.
% Returns Random results if motor shield is not connected.
%
% Examples:
% % rotates stepper 1 forward of 100 steps in interleave mode
% a.stepperStep(1,'forward','double',100);
% % rotates stepper 2 forward of 50 steps in double mode
% a.stepperStep(1,'forward','double',50);
% % rotates stepper 2 backward of 50 steps in single mode
% a.stepperStep(2,'backward','single',50);
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin>5 || nargin <3,
error('Function must have at least 3 and no more than 5 arguments');
end
% check stepper number
errstr=arduino.checknum(num,'stepper number',1:2);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% allows for direction to be set by 1,0,-1
if isnumeric(dir) && isscalar(dir),
switch dir
case 1,
dir='forward';
case 0,
dir='release';
case -1,
dir='backward';
end
end
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check direction
errstr=arduino.checkstr(dir,'direction',{'forward','backward','release'});
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
% if it is not released must have all arguments
if ~strcmpi(dir,'release') && nargin~=5,
error('Either the motion style or the number of steps are missing');
end
% can't move forward or backward if speed is set to zero
if ~strcmpi(dir,'release') && a.stepperSpeed(num)<1,
error('The stepper speed has to be greater than zero for the stepper to move');
end
% check motion style
if nargin>3,
% check direction
errstr=arduino.checkstr(sty,'motion style',{'single','double','interleave','microstep'});
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
else
sty='single';
end
% check number of steps
if nargin==5,
errstr=arduino.checknum(steps,'number of steps',0:255);
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
else
steps=0;
end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ROTATE THE STEPPER %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO') || a.mots==0,
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% send mode, num and value
fwrite(a.aser,[68 48+num abs(dir(1)) abs(sty(1)) steps],'uchar');
end
end % stepperstep
% function analog reference
function analogReference(a,str)
% a.analogReference(str); Changes voltage reference on analog input pins
% The first argument before the function name, a, is the arduino object.
% The second argument, str, is one of these strings: 'default', 'internal'
% or 'external'. This sets the reference voltage used at the top of the
% input ranges.
%
% Examples:
% a.analogReference('default'); % sets default reference
% a.analogReference('internal'); % sets internal reference
% a.analogReference('external'); % sets external reference
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ARGUMENT CHECKING %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% check arguments if a.chkp is true
if a.chkp,
% check nargin
if nargin~=2,
error('Function must have the "reference" argument');
end
% check val
errstr=arduino.checkstr(str,'reference',{'default','internal','external'});
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
% check a.aser for validity if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'valid');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% CHANGE ANALOG INPUT REFERENCE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if strcmpi(get(a.aser,'Port'),'DEMO'),
% handle demo mode
% minimum analog output delay
pause(0.0014);
else
% check a.aser for openness if a.chks is true
if a.chks,
errstr=arduino.checkser(a.aser,'open');
if ~isempty(errstr), error(errstr); end
end
if lower(str(1))=='e', num=2;
elseif lower(str(1))=='i', num=1;
else num=0;
end
% send mode, pin and value
fwrite(a.aser,[82 48+num],'uchar');
end
end % analogreference
end % methods
methods (Static) % static methods
function errstr=checknum(num,description,allowed)
% errstr=arduino.checknum(num,description,allowed); Checks numeric argument.
% This function checks the first argument, num, described in the string
% given as a second argument, to make sure that it is real, scalar,
% and that it is equal to one of the entries of the vector of allowed
% values given as a third argument. If the check is successful then the
% returned argument is empty, otherwise it is a string specifying
% the type of error.
% initialize error string
errstr=[];
% check num for type
if ~isnumeric(num),
errstr=['The ' description ' must be numeric'];
return
end
% check num for size
if numel(num)~=1,
errstr=['The ' description ' must be a scalar'];
return
end
% check num for realness
if ~isreal(num),
errstr=['The ' description ' must be a real value'];
return
end
% check num against allowed values
if ~any(allowed==num),
% form right error string
if numel(allowed)==1,
errstr=['Unallowed value for ' description ', the value must be exactly ' num2str(allowed(1))];
elseif numel(allowed)==2,
errstr=['Unallowed value for ' description ', the value must be either ' num2str(allowed(1)) ' or ' num2str(allowed(2))];
elseif max(diff(allowed))==1,
errstr=['Unallowed value for ' description ', the value must be an integer going from ' num2str(allowed(1)) ' to ' num2str(allowed(end))];
else
errstr=['Unallowed value for ' description ', the value must be one of the following: ' mat2str(allowed)];
end
end
end % checknum
function errstr=checkstr(str,description,allowed)
% errstr=arduino.checkstr(str,description,allowed); Checks string argument.
% This function checks the first argument, str, described in the string
% given as a second argument, to make sure that it is a string, and that
% its first character is equal to one of the entries in the cell of
% allowed characters given as a third argument. If the check is successful
% then the returned argument is empty, otherwise it is a string specifying
% the type of error.
% initialize error string
errstr=[];
% check string for type
if ~ischar(str),
errstr=['The ' description ' argument must be a string'];
return
end
% check string for size
if numel(str)<1,
errstr=['The ' description ' argument cannot be empty'];
return
end
% check str against allowed values
if ~any(strcmpi(str,allowed)),
% make sure this is a hozizontal vector
allowed=allowed(:)';
% add a comma at the end of each value
for i.html">i=1:length(allowed)-1,
allowed{i.html">i}=['''' allowed{i.html">i} ''', '];
end
% form error string
errstr=['Unallowed value for ' description ', the value must be either: ' allowed{1:end-1} 'or ''' allowed{end} ''''];
return
end
end % checkstr
function errstr=checkser(ser,chk)
% errstr=arduino.checkser(ser,chk); Checks serial connection argument.
% This function checks the first argument, ser, to make sure that either:
% 1) it is a valid serial connection (if the second argument is 'valid')
% 3) it is open (if the second argument is 'open')
% If the check is successful then the returned argument is empty,
% otherwise it is a string specifying the type of error.
% initialize error string
errstr=[];
% check serial connection
switch lower(chk),
case 'valid',
% make sure is valid
if ~isvalid(ser),
disp('Serial connection invalid, please recreate the object to reconnect to a serial port.');
errstr='Serial connection invalid';
return
end
case 'open',
% check openness
if ~strcmpi(get(ser,'Status'),'open'),
disp('Serial connection not opened, please recreate the object to reconnect to a serial port.');
errstr='Serial connection not opened';
return
end
otherwise
% complain
error('second argument must be either ''valid'' or ''open''');
end
end % chackser
end % static methods
end % class def




Şimdi arduinoda 2 nolu pine bağlı ledi atmega328 mikrodenetleyicisinde PD2 nolu pini yakıp söndürmek için gerekli matlab kodu aşağıdaki şekildedir:




clc;clear all;
arduino = arduino('COM4');%bağlantının yapılacağı port belirleniyor
arduino.pinMode(2,'output');%2 nolu pin çıkış olarak belirtiliyor
while(1) %sonsuz döngü
arduino.digitalWrite(2,1); %2 nolu pin lojik-1 seviyesine çekiliyor
pause(1); %1 sn bekleme veriliyor
arduino.digitalWrite(2,0);%2 nolu pin lojik-0 seviyesine çekiliyor
pause(1);%1 sn bekleme veriliyor
end





Matlab kodyla birlikte proteus dosyasını çalıştırdığımızda ledin yandığı ve Advanced Virtual COM Port programında verilerin gönderildiği gözlemlenmektedir:





Artık matlab atmega yı haberleştirerek arduinoda yapabileceğimiz her türlü uygulamayı simüle edebiliriz.